Terms and Connectors Query Reference

Connectors are symbols you place between search terms to specify the relationship between them. You can also use the root expander and the universal character to ensure that your search retrieves different forms of your search terms.

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Connector Symbol Retrieves
AND & Search terms in the same document:
narcotics & warrant

OR (space) Either search term or both:
car automobile

Phrase " " Search terms appearing in the same order as in the quotation marks:
"attractive nuisance"

Grammatical Connectors /s Search terms in the same sentence:
design*** /s defect!

/p Search terms in the same paragraph:
hearsay /p utterance

+s The first term preceding the second within the same sentence:
palsgraf +s island

+p The first term preceding the second within the same paragraph:
ti(mikkelson +p mikkelson)

Numerical Connectors /n Search terms within "n" terms of each other (where "n" is a number):
person** /3 jurisdiction

+n The first term preceding the second by "n" terms (where "n" is a number):
20 +5 1080

BUT NOT % Documents not containing the term or terms following the % symbol:
laminectomy % to(413)
Use the % connector with caution; it may cause relevant documents to be excluded from your search result.
Root Expander
To retrieve words with variant endings, use the root expander (!). When you place an exclamation point (!) at the end of a root term, you retrieve all possible endings of that root. For example, obey! retrieves obey, obeys, obeyed and obeying.

Universal Character
The universal character (*) represents one character. You can place the universal character within or at the end of a term. When you place the universal character within a term, it requires that a character appear in that position. For example, fea*t retrieves feast but not feat.

When you place the universal character at the end of a term, you specify the maximum length of that term. For example, object*** retrieves object, objects, objected, objective, objection and objecting but not objectionable.